Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines. [124] While not oceanic in nature, Taiwan and Malay archipelago countries like Indonesia and the Philippines share Austronesian ethnolinguistic origins with Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, hence their inclusion in the book. Yearly % Change: For 2019: percentage change in total population over the last year (from July 1, 2018 to June 30 2019). Some experts insist that Oceania encompasses even the cold Aleutian Islands and the islands of Japan. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [148][149] From the early 20th century to 2007, the island was administratively part of French Polynesia, which itself was known as French Oceania up until 1957. Due to external migration, the population increased by 214,649. 4.9 million), Brisbane (pop. Some of the more well known and distinctive bird species in New Zealand are the kiwi, kea, takah, kakapo, mohua, t, and the bellbird. Humid continental (warm) 5. The fa'a Samoa, or traditional Samoan way, remains a strong force in Samoan life and politics. Oceania thus has the most to lose, culturally speaking, from the pressures of global political and economic change. [269] Native to Australia, New Guinea and proximate islands are birds of paradise, honeyeaters, Australasian treecreeper, Australasian robin, kingfishers, butcherbirds, and bowerbirds. Introduction II. The Kermadec Islands, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island are also considered to be subtropical islands. Most of them have little economic or political importance." Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [426] Art of Oceania properly encompasses the artistic traditions of the people indigenous to Australia and the Pacific Islands. Most Indigenous Australian tribal groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onward. Two years later, Australia's Celebrity Survivor was filmed at the same location used by the U.S. What is the most populated city in Oceania? [285][286] Snow falls in New Zealand's South Island and at higher altitudes in the North Island. There are six cities in Oceania with a population of more than one million inhabitants: Sydney (Australia): 5.3 million inhabitants Melbourne (Australia): 4 million inhabitants Brisbane (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Perth (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Auckland (New Zealand): 1.6 million inhabitants [316] Another one in Tuvalu belongs to the same sect. Nine countries have a growth rate above 1%. In the late 20th century, some scholars theorized a long period of interaction, which resulted in many complex changes in genetics, languages, and culture among the peoples. As recently as 33,000 years ago no human beings lived in the region, except in Australasia. [14] Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onward. [399][400] The Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne are the oldest and largest museums in Oceania. Mailing List - See more. including Australia, 31,377,000. [364] As of 2015[update], Honolulu was ranked high on world livability rankings, and was also ranked as the 2nd safest city in the U.S.[365][366]. Oceania. Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. In the 2013 book The Environments of the Poor in Southeast Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, Paul Bullen critiqued the definition of Oceania in Encyclopedia of Islands, and wrote that since Koppers included areas such as Vancouver Island, it is "not clear what the referents of 'Pacific Region', 'Oceania' or 'Pacific Islands' are." Oceania is a region made up of thousands of islands throughout the Central and South Pacific Ocean. International tourist spending accounted for 16% of New Zealand's export earnings (nearly NZ$10 billion). [459][460], Australians view sport as an important part of their cultural identity, and the country performs well on the international stage, despite having a relatively small population. At 103million square kilometres (40,000,000sqmi), it is the largest tectonic plate. Countries in Oceania The following are countries that are included in the broad definition of Oceania, with their corresponding population and capitals. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. iii. [121] The 2007 book Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West, by New Zealand Pacific scholar Ron Crocombe, defined the term "Pacific Islands" as being islands in the South Pacific Commission, and stated that such a definition "does not include Galpagos and other [oceanic] islands off the Pacific coast of the Americas; these were uninhabited when Europeans arrived, then integrated with a South American country and have almost no contact with other Pacific Islands." The Australia-New Zealand continental fragment of Gondwana split from the rest of Gondwana in the late Cretaceous time (9590 Ma). What is the population of USA? Public health experts [282], To the southwest of the region, in the Australian landmass, the climate is mostly desert or semi-arid, with the southern coastal corners having a temperate climate, such as oceanic and humid subtropical climate in the east coast and Mediterranean climate in the west. There are also native languages, such as Samoan, Fijian and Enga (Papuan). Yet the total land area of the islands is very smallonly some 324,000 square miles (840,000 square kilometers). What Is The Population Of Oceania. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. Australia and New Zealand were grouped together by Flick as Australasia, and categorized as being in the same area of the world as the islands of Oceania. The island states of Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan, all located within the bounds of the Pacific or associated marginal seas, are excluded from the UN definition. Australasia: Australia: 24 million, Canberra New Zealand: 5 million, Wellington Indeed, these categories Polynesians, Micronesians, Melanesians became so deeply entrenched in Western anthropological thought that it is difficult even now to break out the mould in which they entrap us (. Webster broke Oceania up into two subdivisions; the continental group, which included Australia, the Japanese archipelago, the Malay archipelago and Taiwan, and the oceanic group, which included New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. km of land area) - Oceania. The population of the Oceania / Pacific region is approximately 300 million. Islands in Indonesia's North Maluku and North Sulawesi regions are considered to border the open Pacific Ocean, with the rest of the Indonesian islands being located in marginal seas of the Pacific, or the Indian Ocean. The Japanese subsequently invaded New Guinea, Solomon Islands and other Pacific islands. The total population of Oceania minus mainland Australia is about 18 million. This date range is based on glottochronological calculations and on three radiocarbon dates from charcoal that appears to have been produced during forest clearance activities. Hawaii is dominated by the Democratic Party. English, French, Bislama (Bichelama) plus more than 100 local languages. Subregions in Oceania. Willem Janszoon, made the first completely documented European landing in Australia (1606), in Cape York Peninsula. [397] Other cultural influences come from neighbouring Asian countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nations. Meanwhile, New Zealand has hosted the Commonwealth Games three times: Auckland 1950, Christchurch 1974 and Auckland 1990. The governor and lieutenant governor oversee twenty agencies and departments from offices in the State Capitol. It is flanked by the Indian Ocean to the west and the Southern Ocean to the south. "[137] In his 2002 book Oceania: An Introduction to the Cultures and Identities of Pacific Islanders, Andrew Strathern excluded Okinawa and the rest of the Ryukyu Islands from his definition of Oceania, but noted that the islands and their indigenous inhabitants "show many parallels with Pacific island societies. [416] The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives,[417] have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand, including Avatar, The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, The Chronicles of Narnia, King Kong and The Last Samurai. 75 million. The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the big islands simply to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. [408], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. Corrections? "[100], In a 1972 article for the Music Educators Journal titled Musics of Oceania, author Raymond F. Kennedy wrote, "many meanings have been given to the word Oceania. The predominant religion in Oceania is Christianity (73%). In the national agreement on Closing the Gap signed . As codified in the Hawaiian Constitution, there are three branches of government: executive, legislative and judicial. Around 40 million people live in Australia/Oceania, the smallest continent. Oceania then, in its most restricted meaning, includes more than 10,000 islands, with a total land area (excluding Australia, but including Papua New Guinea and New Zealand) of approximately 317,700 square miles (822,800 square km). These divisions [are] generally themselves spoken as continents, and to them has been added another, embracing the large island of Australia and numerous others in the [Pacific] Ocean, under the name of Oceania. On his first voyage in the 18th century, James Cook, who later arrived at the highly developed Hawaiian Islands, went to Tahiti and followed the east coast of Australia for the first time. Auckland and Wellington are frequently ranked among the world's most liveable cities, with Auckland being ranked first in the world according to the Global Liveability Ranking. The Oceania is the continent least populated in the world, with a population density of 5hab./km. Subsequent immigration has been chiefly from the British Isles, but also from continental Europe, the Pacific, The Americas and Asia. Modern-day Indigenous Australians are loosely related to Melanesians,[161][162] and Australia maintains political influence over Melanesia,[159] which is mostly located on the same tectonic plate. There are thus six great divisions of the earth Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America and Oceania. "[87] Rand McNally & Company, an American publisher of maps and atlases, claimed in 1892 that, "Oceania comprises the large island of Australia and the innumerable islands of the Pacific Ocean" and also that the islands of the Malay archipelago "should be grouped in with Asia. In the region the main urban agglomerations are Melbourne . [249] The northernmost point of the east coast is the tropical-rainforested Cape York Peninsula. military). 37 million. Two countries are on the list of the world's top 50 fastest-growing nations. [168] Australia, New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia are more commonly grouped together as part of the Australasian biogeographical realm. Australian forces attacked German New Guinea in September 1914. Fogg defined Polynesia as covering the combined islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, as well as the Ryukyu Islands. "[31], In the 19th century, many geographers divided up Oceania into mostly racially based subdivisions; Australasia, Malesia (encompassing the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [34] One study from 1884 describes Oceania as a continent, stating that South of the continent of Asia is found a large island nearly as large as the continent of Europe. [270][271], A unique feature of Australia's fauna is the relative scarcity of native placental mammals, and dominance of the marsupials a group of mammals that raise their young in a pouch, including the macropods, possums, and dasyuromorphs. Some of the most visited countries in Oceania are the following: Australia. PRB's World Population Data Sheet is an excellent reference and data analysis tool. World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. In some islands of Chilean sovereignty, such as Easter Island, Spanish is spoken. It was held for the first time in 1905.[466]. Australia and New Zealand stand out in rugby, enjoying outstanding participation in world tournaments, in which other countries such asArgentinaparticipate . The Japanese were turned back at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945. Around 1200, Tahitian explorers discovered and began settling the area. These territories and regions are subject to various additional categorisations, depending on the source and purpose of each description. Global Rank: Position held by Oceania in the list of all regions worldwide ranked by population (from the highest population to the lowest population) as of July 1 of the year indicated. The Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua on the island of New Guinea are home to an estimated 44 uncontacted tribal groups. Today the continenthas a series of independent countries, some of them since the 19th century (the British colonies, above all) and others much later, in the mid-20th century. "Huna, Max Freedom Long, and the Idealization of William Brigham". [443] In Papua New Guinea, the most popular sport is Rugby league. Santa Cruz, a population located in Remote Oceania, is an anomaly with extreme frequencies of autochthonous haplogroups of Near Oceanian origin. Urban Pop % : Urban population as a percentage of total population. [15], The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. The Solomon Islands would have the highest population growth rate of 2.49%, followed by Vanuatu (2.38%). Mailing List - Vedi altro. [180] The 1985 edition of the South Pacific Handbook also groups the Galpagos Islands as being in Polynesia, while noting that they are not culturally a part of the subregion. There are 18 peaks of more than 3000 metres (9800ft) in the South Island. The plate contains an interior hot spot forming the Hawaiian Islands. The South Pacific Commission. The information shown follows sources in cross-referenced articles; where sources differ, provisos have been clearly indicated. [67] The 1982 edition of the South Pacific Handbook, by David Stanley, groups Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, and Hawaii together under an "Anglonesia" category. List of cities in Oceania by population City Country Urban area Sydney Australia 4,914,343 Melbourne Australia 4,893,870 Brisbane Australia 2,430,180. [338], Archaeology, linguistics, and existing genetic studies indicate that Oceania was settled by two major waves of migration. Inhabitants of New Caledonia are French citizens and carry French passports. [208] Moreover, a recent study which included radiocarbon dates from what is thought to be very early material suggests that the island was discovered and settled as recently as 1200.[209]. We do not have any contact with official entities nor do we intend to replace the information that they emit. While 75% of the population lives in cities, 25% of oceanic people live in the countryside. The population of Australia in 2022 was 26,177,413, a 0.99% increase from 2021. Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". 2,142 live births average per day (89.27 in an hour) or a child in every 40.33 seconds, 837 deaths average per day (34.87 in an hour) or one death in every 103.25 seconds, 598 immigrants average per day (24.92 in an hour) or an immigrant in every 144.46 seconds, 22,164,486 females as of 31 December 2022. Oceania. Pain, C.F., Villans, B.J., Roach, I.C., Worrall, L. & Wilford, J.R. (2012): Old, flat and red Australia's distinctive landscape. "[91] It added there was controversy over the exact limits of Oceania, saying that, "scarcely any two geographers appear to be quite agreed upon the subject". [218] On 24 September 1853, under orders from Napoleon III, Admiral Febvrier Despointes took formal possession of New Caledonia and Port-de-France (Nouma) was founded 25 June 1854. 2.1 million), and Auckland (pop. : executive, legislative and judicial the first time in 1905. [ 466 ] smallest continent 60,000 years.. 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