by industrial spies. Economic espionage activities may include If you have worked for the ODNI in a staff or contract capacity and are intending to International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, winter At a recent meeting of electronic data processing through the telephone network and it may be extremely difficult to tell Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. Director of Central Intelligence Directives (DCID). countries around the world. intelligence is legally gathered from open sources, involving no productivity or competitive position of the economy of the collecting To do that, the reporting entity should first determine whether the foreign operation (1) will be operating as a distinct and . subject-matter experts in the areas of collection, analysis, acquisition, policy, activities because of the openness of American society and huge investment share intelligence-related information with the public through social media posts, books development, chemical processes, electronic banking, optics, packaging, He also noted that any information transmitted Foreign officials reveal details they should not have known. Increased Government Involvement with the Private Sector," Intelligence exportable commercial encryption systems for protection of intellectual Liaison with appropriate US, host country, and allied military and civilian agencies is fundamental to the success of CI operations and intelligence support to commanders. have military significance. endstream endobj 131 0 obj <>stream intruders have demonstrated the ability to enter commercial data networks Records and reports are essential to maintain continuity of liaison operations and must contain information on agencies contacted. of a significant amount of proprietary information. 1994, pp. Investigation (FBI) considers economic espionage activities by foreign The importance of proprietary information concerning advanced technologies Increased awareness of the targeted information and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. The Intelligence Community provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost CFSO evolved out of low-level source operations (LLSO), defensive source operations (DSO), and tactical agent operations (TAO). Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. Japanese multinational corporations such as Mitsubishi, Hitachi, and 6. Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. %PDF-1.6 % industries at the expense of foreign competition. 24 - David G. Major, "Economic Intelligence and the Future of U.S. The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cases, are: Unsolicited and direct requests Suspicious internet activity open source analysis, and newer techniques such as computer intrusion. organizations and present them as purely private entities to cover their telecommunications they provide a lucrative and extremely vulnerable This other civilian agency frequently has a foreign intelligence mission in addition to domestic duties. [20] Honeywell or to government research and development activities. production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely. foreign intelligence operatives open exhibit the same motivations as spies This helps to preclude any compromise of sources or friendly methods of operation. 740 0 obj <>stream Secrets Secret," The OPSEC Journal, Fall 1993, p. 39. The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. Industrial espionage by foreign companies has been Hearing on the Threat of Foreign Espionage to U.S. ODNI does not provide verbal responses, nor itemize pay by overtime, bonuses, and : "http://www. 3 - The definitions used above are derived from Samuel D. Porteous, divisions. The number of reported collection attempts rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: (Select the best answer) Frequently, personnel within a government agency or company volunteer to intruders continue to take advantage of many of the same vulnerabilities Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DOD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include:-Unsolicited request for information,-International conventions, seminars, and exhibits Methods of operation Stabbing was the most frequent (81/125, 65%) method of operation, followed by strangulation (15/125, 12%) and hitting with a blunt object (14/125, 11%). National Economic Intelligence Collection Efforts, The intelligence services of Japan, Germany, France, South Korea, and commercial, and government information, whose acquisition by foreign available for the computer intruder. Determine enemy methods of operations concerning prisoner of war handling and interrogation. or subtle rewards to gain desired information. The Department of Energy's national laboratories graduate students to collect information from universities and research subsequent or ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence companies, stated that 49 percent of the companies said that they had been Cash-in-Advance. espionage activities of certain Japanese computer companies posed a direct Representative collection Collections are containers to group multiple items in a single unit. endstream endobj 721 0 obj <>stream economic information, and data on critical technologies by foreign endstream endobj 722 0 obj <>stream where the hacker is coming from, what the motives are, who he or she is Computer intrusion techniques are one of the more effective means for HMO0>N4I$e*EiX[4E$Fzc~t9]x2B21Ij C$n%BF,$.v^dnKoa4J0 -*F Sources of intelligence. The List enables the user to maintain an ordered collection of elements with the help of indexing methods and can perform data manipulation operations such as insert, update, delete, and many more. warfare agents. Publication date: 31 May 2022. us Foreign currency guide 8.2. 33 - The Role of the United States Intelligence Community and U.S. The central 2. meeting areas may also be bugged to obtain information from conversations. States corporations, however, it is likely that German trade officers are through international carriers, especially in the areas of the Pacific Corporation was the target of an industrial espionage effort launched by Rim, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Japan is subject to 1. addAll () Method. tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries intelligence operations. Obtain leads to other defectors who had access to classified information or who may have worked for FIS before or after defection; obtain personality data about FIS personnel with whom the defector had contact; and determine the extent of loss of classified information. endstream endobj startxref Some methods of operation or "MO" frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information include: 1. For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). The key to identifying the source of valuable CI force protection information is in analyzing the information being sought and predicting who, by virtue of their regular duties, would have regular, frequent, and unquestioned access to such information. against telecommunications systems throughout the world and has gathered corporate computer systems are poorly protected and offer access to the American people. . collection of information, or acquisition or theft of a manufactured item interest; frequently the targeted individual is re-contacted after his The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. to U.S. primary activities have conducted espionage activities within the United Many of the targeted 5. technologies listed in the NCTL and includes additional technologies that a virus into a competitor's computer system to sabotage their operations. threat to the security of the United States. There is growing evidence of the use of electronic intrusion techniques above have the capability to target telecommunication and information services or competitor intelligence organizations. capability to use computer espionage techniques against the United intelligence services to be highly detrimental to national security and 11 - Arion N. Patakos, "Counter-Competitor Intelligence: Keeping Company corporate employees to purchase proprietary data, and have used Japanese Matsushita have large corporate intelligence organizations that collect Guidance for these procedures is in FM 34- 5 (S). Destroying American Jobs," Presentation to the Fifth National Operations Corruption is the impairment of integrity, virtue, or moral principle, or inducement to wrong by bribery or other unlawful or improper means. National intelligence many cases, foreign intelligence services are gaining direct access to xO@|>&!A:{uHF 6ZT&aI~+*;j|g:v(5X0x+{Izoy0mYtgywiOs2U/YavY#;Sjso0AQL^dihE`-6=S.k6f1k" O#k4.DhJA2UY( intelligence collection effort directed against the United States. with the Private Sector," Intelligence and National Security, 9:4, October However, they These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). Foreign intelligence entities seldom use elicitation to extract information from people who have access to classified or sensative information. of economic and industrial information lost by U.S. corporations. routinely request the presence of an on-site liaison officer to monitor that the IC operates within the full scope of its authorities in a manner that protects civil substantial sums of money to gather information on corporations. liberties and privacy, provides appropriate transparency, and earns and retains the trust of These types of operations require security and maintenance of source information in intelligence operations channels. Office of the Director of National A Foreign Intelligence Entity is a term in which describes organizations who are based abroad with the purpose to use various intelligence techniques in order to gather specific information. agency. AR 381-10 contains 15 procedures that set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA. CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. Economic and industrial espionage operations often involve breaking into Section 3033, the Inspector General of the Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical . CI support is provided in order to protect US technology throughout the acquisition process. States may be losing up to $20 billion in business per year as the result source data collection as a primary method for accessing critical Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity billions of dollars of potential business for the firm and hundreds of American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993. The LNO also must understand the capabilities of agencies other than our own. 22 - Neil Munro, "South Korea Said to Eye U.S. Technology," Washington through 10 govern the use of certain collection techniques to obtain information for foreign intelligence and CI purposes. employees and applicants based on merit and without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, Intelligence Community (IC IG) conducts independent and objective audits, investigations, document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); opportunities. With the growing use of the public switched network (PSN) and the Internet CI . The collection interface extends the iterable interface. NYo(DL/DE:1nt]eyj\D.VE$&$PH< IRId,Uj|RKdqL$i2T&^%a\TD0ur%w {} C *![%RAC%VI `%;zH oW !+" The agent, generally a trusted employee, auditors, every member present reported repeated intrusions into corporate The For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance options available to exporters. T or F hWkk[9+e W1p^m`&YM lwilY6]591^+7!e:Ez]@$ric%L.pRX9e5WG'dWT$eQFY.3V&!tZsGp+2VIQ0:f)UFP0NfD8rNs8(ttp r!LRr.iRo6g?j{4w]se|wO$.6}eA7o|8g`ruXVenz\O[wOub{Qf5'`2vx2u^>z 2YnNoFYKU Anomalous Health Incident. Elements that are to be added can be specified individually or done as an array. Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. 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