(102) Therefore all the disciples of Christ, persevering in prayer and praising God,(103) should present themselves as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God. 1898: ASS 31 (1898-99) p. 11. (96) So likewise the new Israel which while living in this present age goes in search of a future and abiding city (97) is called the Church of Christ. Because of the very economy of salvation the faithful should learn how to distinguish carefully between those rights and duties which are theirs as members of the Church, and those which they have as members of human society. (235)(16*), 43. Apost. (11) Leo XIII, Epist. Miserentissimus Redemptor, 8 maii 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 171 s. Pius XII Alloc. Tridentinum Sess. (42*) And therefore his definitions, of themselves, and not from the consent of the Church, are justly styled irreformable, since they are pronounced with the assistance of the Holy Spirit, promised to him in blessed Peter, and therefore they need no approval of others, nor do they allow an appeal to any other judgment. (3) Cfr. I, cap. Sanct. (22*) Therefore it pertains to the bishops to admit newly elected members into the Episcopal body by means of the sacrament of Orders. 232, 2: col. 1108. S. Augustinus, Bapt. Nicaenum, I can. Cfr. 1890: ASS 22 (1889-90) p. 397 ss. Encycl. p. 504. 1 et 5. But there are certain things which pertain in a special way to the laity, both men and women, by reason of their condition and mission. Pius XI, Litt. (Cfr. in lob, XXVIII, V: PL 76, 455-456. de antiquis Conciliis, Eusebius, Hist. Conc. Benedictus XV, Decretum approbationis virtutum in Causa beatificationis et canonizationis Servi Dei Ioannis Nepomuecni Neumann: AAS 14 (1922 p. 23; plures Allocutiones Pii X de Sanetis: Inviti all'croismo Diseorsi t. I-III, Romae 1941-1942, passim; Pius XII, Discorsi Radiomessagi, t. 10, 1949, pp 37-43. (283) "He for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary. Provida Mater, 1. c., p. 1145. - Conc. Iubilate Deo, 8 maii 1960: AAS S2 (1960) p. 466. 1653 1654 (2823-2825); responsioner S.S.C.S. : PL S4, 7S9. This perfect duty of pastoral charity (5*) is exercised in every form of episcopal care and service, prayer, sacrifice and preaching. (Cf. Wherefore she is our mother in the order of grace. 940 (1743). I, ib. S. Ignatius M., Smyrn 8, 1: ed. S. Augustinus, C. Faustum, 12, 20: PL 42, 26S Serm. Sixteen major documents were produced: two dogmatic and pastoral constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations. Rather John XXIII believed it necessary for the Church to face the challenges of the modern world. It was prepared in a remarkable way throughout the history of the people of Israel and by means of the Old Covenant. 63, 14: PL 4, 386; Hartel, III B, p. 713: Saccrdos vice Christi vere fungitur .. S. Io. Since, like Paul the Apostle, he is debtor to all men, let him be ready to preach the Gospel to all,(174) and to urge his faithful to apostolic and missionary activity. 22. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own initiative. 78, 18: PG 42, 728 CD; 729 AB. On this occasion the Theological Commission makes reference to its Declaration of March 6, 1964, the text of which we transcribe here: "Taking conciliar custom into consideration and also the pastoral purpose of the present Council, the sacred Council defines as binding on the Church only those things in matters of faith and morals which it shall openly declare to be binding. De mandato et missione canonica, cfr. (14*) For there are many who honor Sacred Scripture, taking it as a norm of belief and a pattern of life, and who show a sincere zeal. (9*), All men should take note that the profession of the evangelical counsels, though entailing the renunciation of certain values which are to be undoubtedly esteemed, does not detract from a genuine development of the human persons, but rather by its very nature is most beneficial to that development. However, until there shall be new heavens and a new earth in which justice dwells,(243) the pilgrim Church in her sacraments and institutions, which pertain to this present time, has the appearance of this world which is passing and she herself dwells among creatures who groan and travail in pain until now and await the revelation of the sons of God.(244). 16:15), it may bring to all men that light of Christ which shines out visibly from the Church. Inst. ib. Funk, I, p. 264. (150) He incorporates new members in His Body by a heavenly regeneration, and finally by their wisdom and prudence He directs and guides the People of the New Testament in their pilgrimage toward eternal happiness. 3 et 22: PL 4, 443 B et 461 A. Six ans se sont ecoules, 5 oct. l9S7: AAS 49 (19S7) p. 927. Didache, 15, 1: ib., p. 32. 3; Trall. John A. Hardon, S.J. 64. In this way the world may be permeated by the spirit of Christ and it may more effectively fulfill its purpose in justice, charity and peace. Finally all Christ's faithful, whatever be the conditions, duties and circumstances of their livesand indeed through all these, will daily increase in holiness, if they receive all things with faith from the hand of their heavenly Father and if they cooperate with the divine will. From this arises their duty of working to implant and strengthen the Kingdom of Christ in souls and to extend that Kingdom to every clime. Pius XII, Litt. For even though it sometimes happens that religious do not directly mingle with their contemporaries, yet in a more profound sense these same religious are united with them in the heart of Christ and spiritually cooperate with them. Leo XIII, Epist. For it must be admitted that the temporal sphere is governed by its own principles, since it is rightly concerned with the interests of this world. 840 (1580). Sacramentum ordinis: Denz. 693 (1304). 35 Mt 21:42; cf. Romana Ecclesia, 5 oct. 1752, p 1: Bullarium Benedicti XIV, t. IV, Romae, 1758, 21: . (3*) They likewise exercise that priesthood in receiving the sacraments, in prayer and thanksgiving, in the witness of a holy life, and by self-denial and active charity. Specifically, we find in Lumen Gentium 25 the following: In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. She presented Him to the Father in the temple, and was united with Him by compassion as He died on the Cross. Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution On the Church, 1964. 2:7; Ps. Haer. (59) Leo XIII, Epist. When she presented Him to the Lord in the temple, making the offering of the poor, she heard Simeon foretelling at the same time that her Son would be a sign of contradiction and that a sword would pierce the mother's soul, that out of many hearts thoughts might be revealed. (213) In a word, "Christians must be to the world what the soul is to the body. (38) Cfr. Cast. 2: col. 357. Eph. Richard Cecka. This He does in such a way that His work could be compared by the holy Fathers with the function which the principle of life, that is, the soul, fulfills in the human body. Vat. Encycl. Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. (10*) For this reason, by no weak analogy, it is compared to the mystery of the incarnate Word. Haer. (126) But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He might have the first place. The evangelical counsels of chastity dedicated to God, poverty and obedience are based upon the words and examples of the Lord. Answers to the Most Common Objections Against Sedevacantism The Holy See Full membership in the Church involves those who live under the visible representative of Christ. Encycl : Mediator Dei: AAS 39 (1947) p . Origenes, In Matth. 16:18; Eph. Thus, the state which is constituted by the profession of the evangelical counsels, though it is not the hierarchical structure of the Church, nevertheless, undeniably belongs to its life and holiness. 23, sacr. (12) Cfr. (3) Cfr. They live in the ordinary circumstances of family and social life, from which the very web of their existence is woven. They must devote themselves with all their being to the glory of God and the service of their neighbor. Indeed, in order that love, as good seed may grow and bring forth fruit in the soul, each one of the faithful must willingly hear the Word of God and accept His Will, and must complete what God has begun by their own actions with the help of God's grace. Mediator Dei, 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 553; Denz. In this way they may make Christ known to others, especially by the testimony of a life resplendent in faith, hope and charity. III, 2, 2; PG 7, 847; Harvey 2, 7; Sagnard, p. 100: . 22: Denz. (261) Reckoning therefore that "the sufferings of the present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory to come that will be revealed in us",(262) strong in faith we look for the "blessed hope and the glorious coming of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ"(263) "who will refashion the body of our lowliness, conforming it to the body of His glory(264), and who will come "to be glorified in His saints and to be marveled at in all those who have believed"(265). Then, with combined rejoicing we celebrate together the praise of the divine majesty;(18*) then all those from every tribe and tongue and people and nation (278) who have been redeemed by the blood of Christ and gathered together into one Church, with one song of praise magnify the one and triune God. Mediator Dei, 1. c., sub. Idem, Epist. S. Io. Pius XII, Alloc. Luke 4: 12-16 Jesus cleanses a Leper; Luke 6: 17-19 Jesus teaches and heals; Luke 6: 27-31 Love for enemies; Luke 9:1-6 The Mission of the Twelve. This same state of life is accurately exemplified and perpetually made present in the Church. 20, 25-27; 2 Tim. 35, De invocatione, veneratione et reliquiis Sanctorum et sacris imaginibus: Denz. - S. Io. : PL 16, 320. In LG 16, the council addresses the important question regarding the possible fate of the unevangelized who, through no fault of their ownthe invincibly ignoranthave failed to respond to the Gospel. Conc. This Sacred Council, following closely in the footsteps of the First Vatican Council, with that Council teaches and declares that Jesus Christ, the eternal Shepherd, established His holy Church, having sent forth the apostles as He Himself had been sent by the Father;(136) and He willed that their successors, namely the bishops, should be shepherds in His Church even to the consummation of the world. (11*) A like example, but one given in a different way, is that offered by widows and single people, who are able to make great contributions toward holiness and apostolic endeavor in the Church. : Mansi 1215 CD, 1216-1217 A. But the faithful must cling to their bishop, as the Church does to Christ, and Jesus Christ to the Father, so that all may be of one mind through unity,(61*) and abound to the glory of God. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all men, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. (10) He is the Spirit of Life, a fountain of water springing up to life eternal. Cfr. becoming obedient to death",(233) and because of us "being rich, he became poor". Pius XII, Litt. Assignatos sibi greges singuli singulos Christi nomine pascunt et regunt. It flows forth from the superabundance of the merits of Christ, rests on His mediation, depends entirely on it and draws all its power from it. 60:4-7; Rev. Iconocl. Conc. 44, 7: PG SS, 193. The lay apostolate, however, is a participation in the salvific mission of the Church itself. Between all the parts of the Church there remains a bond of close communion whereby they share spiritual riches, apostolic workers and temporal resources. : Ed. Trong c Ki-t, Gio Hi nh l b tch, ngha l du ch v phng tin hip thng mt thit vi Thin Cha v hp nht mi ngi . Ad diem illum, 2 febr. De Sacra Liturgia, cap. Haer. Vatican II document, Lumen Gentium . 1926: AAS 18 (1926) p. 69. Thus by its example and its witness it accuses the world of sin and enlightens those who seek the truth. Pius XII, Litt. (290), 58. V. Mary the sign of created hope and solace to the wandering people of God. Inter Mirifica, Decree On the Means of Social Communication, 1963. The Catholic Church, taught by the Holy Spirit, honors her with filial affection and piety as a most beloved mother. John the Evangelist says of Him: "Through him was life, and this life was the light of the human race" (Jn 1:4). custoditur ,., cfr. For from the tradition, which is expressed especially in liturgical rites and in the practice of both the Church of the East and of the West, it is clear that, by means of the imposition of hands and the words of consecration, the grace of the Holy Spirit is so conferred,(20*) and the sacred character so impressed,(21*) that bishops in an eminent and visible way sustain the roles of Christ Himself as Teacher, Shepherd and High Priest, and that they act in His person. Fr Vivian Boland tells us that in Christ, God's covenant with Israel becomes Good News for all humanity. 29. 1875, et alloc. : Denz. All men are called to this union with Christ, who is the light of the world, from whom we go forth, through whom we live, and toward whom our whole life strains. But they are by reason of their particular vocation especially and professedly ordained to the sacred ministry. I Oec. The Head of this Body is Christ. S. Bonaventura, Opusc. 3: Mansi 10, 1151. The books of the Old Testament describe the history of salvation, by which the coming of Christ into the world was slowly prepared. The eternal Father, by a free and hidden plan of His own wisdom and goodness, created the whole world. "(15*) For every genuine testimony of love shown by us to those in heaven, by its very nature tends toward and terminates in Christ who is the "crown of all saints,"(16*) and through Him, in God Who is wonderful in his saints and is magnified in them. Iur. In virtue of this power, bishops have the sacred right and the duty before the Lord to make laws for their subjects, to pass judgment on them and to moderate everything pertaining to the ordering of worship and the apostolate. Casti Connubii, 31 dec. 1930: AAS 22 (1930) p. 548. (18) Cfr. Trident., sess. Didache, 14: ed. (259) For before we reign with Christ in glory, all of us will be made manifest "before the tribunal of Christ, so that each one may receive what he has won through the body, according to his works, whether good or evil"(260) and at the end of the world "they who have done good shall come forth unto resurrection of life; but those who have done evil unto resurrection of judgment". Just as the priesthood of Christ is shared in various ways both by the ministers and by the faithful, and as the one goodness of God is really communicated in different ways to His creatures, so also the unique mediation of the Redeemer does not exclude but rather gives rise to a manifold cooperation which is but a sharing in this one source. Conc. Anastasius Antioch., Serm. 13: . (56) Also, in the building up of Christ's Body various members and functions have their part to play. ", **The following was published as an appendix to the official Latin version of the Constitution on the Church.**. (5) Cfr. For the nurturing and constant growth of the People of God, Christ the Lord instituted in His Church a variety of ministries, which work for the good of the whole body. Modus 84. Chrysostomus, In Matth. 54. 1924: AAS 16 (1924) pp. 285 Cf. . (19*), 51. 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